Penicillin G Acylase, a biocatalyst and its potential application

The PGA enzyme belongs to the family of N-terminal nucleophile (Ntn) hydrolases. The enzyme Penicillin G Acylase (PGA) mainly produced from Penicillium chrysogenum, E.coli. The synthesis of PGA enzyme is depends on the physico-chemical parameters like carbon source, pH, temperature and media were optimized for higher production of enzyme. There are different methods of purification of PGA enzyme like as ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by Dialysis and Ion-Exchange Chromatography, and TLC. For the industrial application Expression of Escherichia coli PGA is usually modulated by several factors, such as growth temperature, phenylacetic acid, oxygen levels, strain variations, and glucose in both wild-type and recombinant E. coli . studies showed that cloning of gene and site directed mutagenesis give high expression and production of PGA enzyme compare to direct extraction and purification of PGA enzyme.PGA enzyme has potential applications like as industrial production of semi-synthetic penicillins and cephalosporins, protection in peptide synthesise and production of Amoxicillin (antibiotic) etc.